I bring to you from the Federal Trade Commission their report:
You can also get the .pdf version
here.
"Gas-Saving" Products: Fact or Fuelishness?
Gas prices are up, and so is the volume of advertising for
"gas-saving" products. When gasoline prices rise, consumers often look
for ways to improve fuel efficiency. Although there are practical steps
you can take to increase gas mileage, the Federal Trade Commission
(FTC) warns you to be wary of any gas-saving claims for automotive
devices or oil and gas additives. Even for the few gas-saving products
that have been found to work, the savings have been small.
"Gas-Saving" Advertising Claims
Be skeptical of the following kinds of advertising claims.
- "This gas-saving product improves fuel economy by 20 percent."
Claims usually tout savings ranging from 12 to 25 percent. However, the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has evaluated or tested more than
100 alleged gas-saving devices and has not found any product that
significantly improves gas mileage. In fact, some "gas-saving" products
may damage a car's engine or cause substantial increases in exhaust
emissions.
The gas-saving products on the market fall into clearly defined
categories. Although the EPA has not tested or evaluated every product,
it has tried to examine at least one product in each category. See
"Devices Tested by EPA" at the end of this brochure for category
descriptions and product names. - "After installing your product on my car, I got an extra 4 miles [6.4 kilometers] per gallon [3.8 liters]."
Many ads feature glowing testimonials by satisfied customers. Yet, few
consumers have the ability or the equipment to test for precise changes
in gas mileage after installing a gas-saving product. Many variables
affect fuel consumption, including traffic, road and weather
conditions, and the car's condition.
For example, one consumer sent a letter to a company praising its
"gas-saving" product. At the time the product was installed, however,
the consumer also had received a complete engine tune-up - a fact not
mentioned in the letter. The entire increase in gas mileage attributed
to the "gas-saving" product may well have been the result of the
tune-up alone. But from the ad, other consumers could not have known
that. - "This gas-saving device is approved by the Federal government."
No government agency endorses gas-saving products for cars. The most
that can be claimed in advertising is that the EPA has reached certain
conclusions about possible gas savings by testing the product or by
evaluating the manufacturer's own test data. If the seller claims that
its product has been evaluated by the EPA, ask for a copy of the EPA
report, or check www.epa.gov for information. In some instances, false claims of EPA testing or approval have been made.
Product Complaints and Refunds
If you're dissatisfied with a gas-saving product, contact the
manufacturer and ask for a refund. Most companies offer money-back
guarantees. Contact the company, even if the guarantee period has
expired.
If you're not satisfied with the company's response, contact your
local or state consumer protection agency or the Better Business Bureau.
Shifting Gears: Real Money-Saving Steps
There are numerous no- or low-cost steps you can take to combat
rising gas prices. The most important place to start is at the gas
pump; buy only the octane level gas you need. All gas pumps must post
the octane rating of the gas under the FTC's Fuel Rating Rule.
Remember, the higher the octane, the higher the price. Check your
owner's manual to determine the right octane level for your car.
Here are some additional tips from the EPA to help you get better gas mileage.
Drive more efficiently
- Stay within posted speed limits. The faster you drive, the
more fuel you use. For example, driving at 65 miles per hour (mph),
rather than 55 mph, increases fuel consumption by 20 percent. Driving
at 75 mph, rather than 65 mph, increases fuel consumption by another 25
percent.
- Use overdrive gears. Overdrive gears improve the
fuel economy of your car during highway driving. Your car's engine
speed decreases when you use overdrive. This reduces both fuel
consumption and engine wear.
- Use cruise control. Using
cruise control on highway trips can help you maintain a constant speed
and, in most cases, reduce your fuel consumption.
- Anticipate
driving situations. If you anticipate traffic conditions and don't
tailgate, you can avoid unnecessary braking and acceleration, and
improve your fuel economy by 5 to 10 percent. In city driving, nearly
50 percent of the energy needed to power your car goes to acceleration.
Go easy on the gas pedal and brakes. "Jack-rabbit" starts and sudden
stops are wasteful.
- Avoid unnecessary idling. Turn off
the engine if you anticipate a lengthy wait. No matter how efficient
your car is, unnecessary idling wastes fuel, costs you money and
pollutes the air.
- Combine errands. Several short trips
taken from a cold start can use twice as much fuel as one trip covering
the same distance when the engine is warm.
- Remove excess
weight from the trunk. Avoid carrying unneeded items, especially heavy
ones. An extra 100 pounds in the trunk reduces a typical car's fuel
economy by one to two percent.
Maintain your car
- Keep your engine tuned. Studies have shown that a poorly
tuned engine can increase fuel consumption by as much as 10 to 20
percent depending on a car's condition. Follow the recommended
maintenance schedule in your owner's manual; you'll save fuel and your
car will run better and last longer.
- Keep your tires
properly inflated and aligned. Car manufacturers must place a label in
the car stating the correct tire pressure. The label usually is on the
edge of the door or door jamb, in the glove box, or on the inside of
the gas cap cover. If the label lists a psi (pounds per square inch)
range, use the higher number to maximize your fuel efficiency.
Underinflated tires cause fuel consumption to increase by six percent.
- Change
your oil. Clean oil reduces wear caused by friction between moving
parts and removes harmful substances from the engine. Change your oil
as recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.
- Check and
replace air filters regularly. Your car's air filter keeps impurities
in the air from damaging internal engine components. Not only will
replacing a dirty air filter improve your fuel economy, it also will
protect your engine. Clogged filters can cause up to a 10 percent
increase in fuel consumption.
Consider buying a fuel efficient vehicle
Deciding which vehicle to buy may be the most important fuel economy
decision you make. The difference between a car that gets 20 MPG (miles
per gallon) and one that gets 30 MPG amounts to $3,125 over 5 years,
assuming gas costs $2.50 per gallon and you drive 15,000 miles a year.
Visit
www.fueleconomy.gov for more information. You’ll find gas mileage estimates and other data from EPA for 1985-2007 model year cars.
EPA Evaluation Efforts
The EPA evaluates or tests products to determine whether their use
will result in any significant improvement or detriment to fuel
economy. However, the EPA cannot say what effect gas-saving products
will have on a vehicle over time because it hasn't conducted any
durability tests. It's possible that some products may harm the car or
may otherwise adversely affect its performance. In fact, today's
vehicles' emission control systems are very sophisticated and complex.
They have On Board Diagnostic features that alert the driver to
problems associated with the emission control and fuel delivery
systems. Retrofit products may have an adverse effect on these systems.
Devices Tested by EPA
The following list categorizes various types of "gas-saving"
products, explains how they're used and gives product names. Those with
asterisks may save measurable, but small, amounts of gas. All others
have been found not to increase fuel economy.
Air Bleed Devices. These devices bleed air into the
carburetor. They usually are installed in the Positive Crankcase
Ventilation line or as a replacement for idle-mixture screws.
The EPA has evaluated the following products: ADAKS Vacuum Breaker
Air Bleed; Air-Jet Air Bleed; Aquablast Wyman Valve Air Bleed;
Auto-Miser; Ball-Matic Air Bleed; Berg Air Bleed; Brisko PCV;
Cyclone-Z; Econo Needle Air Bleed; Econo-Jet Air Bleed Idle Screws;
Fuel Max*; Gas Saving Device; Grancor Air Computer; Hot Tip; Landrum
Mini-Carb; Landrum Retrofit Air Bleed; Mini Turbocharger Air Bleed;
Monocar HC Control Air Bleed; Peterman Air Bleed; Pollution Master Air
Bleed; Ram-Jet; Turbo-Dyne G.R. Valve.
Vapor Bleed Devices. These devices are similar to
the air bleed devices, except that induced air is bubbled through a
container of a water and anti-freeze mixture, usually located in the
engine compartment.
The EPA has evaluated: Atomized Vapor Injector; Frantz Vapor
Injection System; Hydro-Vac: POWERFUeL; Mark II Vapor Injection System;
Platinum Gasaver; V-70 Vapor Injector; SCATPAC Vacuum Vapor Induction
System: Econo-Mist Vacuum Vapor Injection System; Turbo Vapor Injection
System.
Liquid Injection. These products add liquid into the fuel/air intake system and not directly into the combustion chamber.
The EPA has evaluated: Goodman Engine System-Model 1800; Waag-Injection System*.
Ignition Devices. These devices are attached to the ignition system or are used to replace original equipment or parts.
The EPA has evaluated: Autosaver; Baur Condenser; BIAP Electronic
Ignition Unit; Fuel Economizer; Magna Flash Ignition Control System;
Paser Magnum/Paser 500/Paser 500 HEI; Special Formula Ignition Advance
Springs.
Fuel Line Devices (heaters or coolers). These
devices heat the fuel before it enters the carburetor. Usually, the
fuel is heated by the engine coolant or by the exhaust or electrical
system.
The EPA has evaluated: FuelXpander; Gas Meiser I; Greer Fuel Preheater; Jacona Fuel System; Optimizer; Russell Fuelmiser.
Fuel Line Devices (magnets). These magnetic
devices, clamped to the outside of the fuel line or installed in the
fuel line, claim to change the molecular structure of gasoline.
The EPA has evaluated: PETRO-MIZER; POLARION-X; Super-Mag Fuel
Extender; Wickliff Polarizer [fuel line magnet/intake air magnet].
Fuel Line Devices (metallic). Typically, these
devices contain several dissimilar metals that are installed in the
fuel line, supposedly causing ionization of the fuel.
The EPA has evaluated: Malpassi Filter King [fuel pressure regulator]; Moleculetor.
Mixture Enhancers (under the carburetor). These
devices are mounted between the carburetor and intake manifold and
supposedly enhance the mixing or vaporization of the air/fuel mixture.
The EPA has evaluated: Energy Gas Saver; Environmental Fuel Saver;
Gas Saving and Emission Control Improvement Device; Glynn-50;
Hydro-Catalyst Pre-Combustion Catalyst System; PETROMIZER SYSTEM;
Sav-A-Mile; Spritzer; Turbo-Carb; Turbocarb.
Mixture Enhancers (others). These devices make some general modifications to the vehicle intake system.
The EPA has evaluated: Basko Enginecoat; Dresser Economizer;
Electro-Dyne Superchoke; Filtron Urethane Foam Filter; Lamkin Fuel
Metering Device; Smith Power and Deceleration Governor.
Internal Engine Modifications. These devices make physical or mechanical function changes to the engine.
The EPA has evaluated: ACDS Automotive Cylinder Deactivation System*; Dresser Economizer; MSU Cylinder Deactivation*.
Accessory Drive Modifiers. These devices reduce power to specific auto accessories.
The EPA has evaluated: Morse Constant Speed Accessory Drive **; P.A.S.S. Kit**; PASS Master Vehicle Air Conditioner**.
Fuels and Fuel Additives. These materials are added to the gas tank.
The EPA has evaluated: Bycosin; EI-5 Fuel Additive; Fuelon Power;
Johnson Fuel Additive; NRG #1 Fuel Additive; QEI 400 Fuel Additive;
Rolfite Upgrade Fuel Additive; Sta-Power Fuel Additive; Stargas Fuel
Additive; SYNeRGy-1; Technol G Fuel Additive; ULX-15/ULX-15D; Vareb 10
Fuel Additive; XRG #1 Fuel Additive.
Oils and Oil Additives. Usually these materials are poured into the crankcase.
The EPA has evaluated: Analube Synthetic Lubricant; Tephguard.
Driving Habit Modifiers. These are lights or sound devices to tell the driver to reduce acceleration or to shift gears.
The EPA has evaluated: AUTOTHERM**; Fuel Conservation Device; Gastell; IDALERT**.
Miscellaneous. The EPA has evaluated: BRAKE-EZ;
Dynamix; Fuel Maximiser; Gyroscopic Wheel Cover; Kamei Spoilers**;
Kat's Engine Heater; Lee Exhaust and Fuel Gasification EGR; Mesco
Moisture Extraction System; P.S.C.U. 01 Device; Treis Emulsifier.
* Indicated a very small improvement in fuel economy but with an
increase in exhaust emissions. According to Federal regulations,
installation of this device could be considered illegal tampering.
** Indicated a very small improvement in fuel economy without an
increase in exhaust emissions. However, cost-effectiveness must be
determined by the consumer for a particular application.
For More Information
For information about EPA test procedures and test results, visit www.epa.gov/otaq/consumer.htm
or write: Verification and Compliance Division, Office of
Transportation and Air Quality, Environmental Protection Agency, 2000
Traverwood Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48105; or call: 734-214-4925.
The FTC works for the consumer to prevent fraudulent, deceptive and
unfair business practices in the marketplace and to provide information
to help consumers spot, stop, and avoid them. To file a complaint or to get free information on consumer issues, visit www.ftc.gov
or call toll-free, 1-877-FTC-HELP (1-877-382-4357); TTY:
1-866-653-4261. The FTC enters Internet, telemarketing, identity theft,
and other fraud-related complaints into Consumer Sentinel, a secure online database available to hundreds of civil and criminal law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and abroad.
September 2006