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Hafiz 226 791 Dhaka	RE: HIV/AIDS: How HIV damages our immune cells?? 7/16/2013 2:20:33 PM
	What are the signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS? What is the difference between a sign and a symptom? A sign is something other people, apart from the patient can detect, such as a swelling, rash, or change in skin color. A symptom is something only the patient feels and describes, such as a headache, fatigue, or dizziness. For the most part, the symptoms of HIV are the result of infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. These conditions do not normally develop in individuals with healthy immune systems, which protect the body against infection. Signs and symptoms of early HIV infection Many people with HIV have no symptoms for several years. Others may develop symptoms similar to flu, usually two to six weeks after catching the virus. The symptoms can last up to four weeks. Symptoms of early HIV infection may include: fever chills joint pain muscle ache sore throat sweats (particularly at night) enlarged glands a red rash tiredness weakness weight loss Asymptomatic HIV infection In many cases, after the initial symptoms disappear, there will not be any further symptoms for many years. During this time, the virus carries on developing and damages the immune system. This process can take up to 10 years. The infected person will experience no symptoms, feel well and appear healthy. Late-stage HIV infection If left untreated, HIV weakens the ability to fight infection. The person becomes vulnerable to serious illnesses. This stage of infection is known as AIDS. Signs and symptoms of late-stage HIV infection may include: blurred vision diarrhea, which is usually persistent or chronic dry cough fever of above 37C (100F) lasting for weeks night sweats permanent tiredness shortness of breath swollen glands lasting for weeks weight loss white spots on the tongue or mouth During late-stage HIV infection, the risk of developing a life-threatening illness is much greater. Examples include: esophagitis (an inflammation of the lining of the lower end of the esophagus) infections to the nervous system (acute aseptic meningitis, subacute encephalitis, peripheral neuropathy) pneumonia some cancers, such as Kaposi's sarcoma, invasive cervical cancer, lung cancer, rectal carcinomas, hepatocellular carcinomas, head and neck cancers, cancers of the immune system known as lymphomas toxoplasmosis (a disease caused by a parasite that infects the brain. It can also cause disease in the eyes and lungs) tuberculosis Life-threatening illnesses may be controlled and treated with proper HIV treatment.
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Hafiz 226 791 Dhaka	RE: HIV/AIDS: How HIV damages our immune cells?? 7/25/2013 5:42:13 PM
	What causes HIV/AIDS? HIV is a retrovirus that infects the vital organs of the human immune system. The disease progresses in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. The rate of disease progression varies widely between individuals and depends on many factors (age of the patient, body's ability to defend against HIV, access to health care, existence of coexisting infections, the infected person's genetic inheritance, resistance to certain strains of HIV). HIV can be transmitted through: Sexual transmission. It can happen when there is contact with infected sexual secretions (rectal, genital or oral mucous membranes). This can happen while having unprotected sex, including vaginal, oral and anal sex or sharing sex toys with someone infected with HIV. Perinatal transmission. The mother can pass the infection on to her child during childbirth, pregnancy, and also through breastfeeding. Blood transmission. The risk of transmitting HIV through blood transfusion is nowadays extremely low in developed countries, thanks to meticulous screening and precautions. Among drug users, sharing and reusing syringes contaminated with HIV-infected blood is extremely hazardous. Thanks to strict protection procedures the risk of accidental infection for healthcare workers is low. Individuals who give and receive tattoos and piercings are also at risk and should be very careful. Myths: There are many misconceptions about HIV and AIDS. The virus CANNOT be transmitted from: shaking hands hugging casual kissing sneezing touching unbroken skin using the same toilet sharing towels sharing cutlery mouth-to-mouth resuscitation or other forms of "casual contact"
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