Votes by citizens are secret and tallied without record of which voter voted for whom. Voting can be performed remotely by personal computer, and the link between a remote computer and the voting machine must be encrypted to prevent eavesdropping. If before completion of stage 8 (described below), one minute of idle time elapses without the voting machine receiving a message from the voter, the voter's authoritative record for that ballot item is cleared, the session ends, and the voter can begin his vote on that item again. To vote, a voter engages in a session as follows, with stages identified in parentheses preceding the description of the stage.
Upon establishment of an encrypted connection to the voting machine (the same encrypted connection can be used for multiple sessions), the session begins with (1) the voter providing his ostensible identity to the voting machine, (2) the voting machine producing a cryptographic challenge, and (3) the voter proving his identity by solving the challenge. The session ends if the solution is incorrect.
The voter then (4) specifies what poll item he intends to vote on, and (5a) the machine then verifies the voter's eligibility to vote on that poll item, by accessing a coherent authoritative database (voting on the item must be open, the individual's record with respect to that poll item must not be locked, the voter must be properly registered with no current disqualifying legal handicaps, and must not have already finalized a vote on the item). If eligibility is confirmed, then (5b) the individual's record with respect to that poll item is locked for the duration of the session and (5c) the voter is informed of his eligibility, else the session ends.
If the poll item at issue is a vote for a legislator, the voter has previously cast a vote for a legislator in the same unit of state, and that vote has not yet expired, then (5d) the voter must provide the voting machine with the receipt received at stage 9e in the course of casting that previous vote. (5e) The voting machine verifies the encoding and signatures of the 5d receipt, if any, and verifies that the 5d receipt, if any, has not previously been submitted to effect vote revocation. If verification fails, the session ends, otherwise it continues. In either case, (5f) the voter is informed of the results of his 5d submission, if any.
Next, (6a) the voter completes the specified poll item (specifies his voting position on one item in the poll), (6b) computes a digest of the completed poll item, (6c) computes an encryption of that digest with a random symetric key of his choice, and (6d) computes a decryption of that digest encryption using his private key using an algorithm with which decryption can be safely used to generate a signature.
(6e) The voter provides the voting machine with the completed poll item, the above random symmetric key, and the fully processed digest (the assymetric decryption of the symmetric encryption of the digest of the completed poll item). The voting machine verifies the validity and consistency of the data. Validity is determined by (7a) confirmation that the name given for the item unambiguously identifies a candidate, or the response given for a non-election item is a valid response. Consistency is determined by (7b) confirmation that the cryptographic relationships among the data are mathematically valid.
If the poll item as completed is not valid, or the consistency check fails, the voter's authoritative record for that poll item is cleared, this session ends, and the voter can begin his vote on that item again. (7c) The voter is alerted to each invalid name in the previous completed poll item (if any), and is alerted to each ambiguous name (if any) as described above.
If validity and consistency are verified, the voting machine (7d) generates a string with a random portion, a timestamp portion, a portion identifying the precise poll item completed above (but not including any information about how the poll item was completed), and a portion fully identifying the individual, and (7e) demands that the individual sign this with his private key. If (8) the individual properly signs this string and forwards the signature to the machine, then (9a) the signed string is archived by the machine and (9b) the authoritative database is notified that the individual has completed his vote on that particular item and cannot vote on it again, or if the item is a vote for a legislator, the authoritative database is provided with the receipt from stage 5d, if any.
Next, (9c) the voting machine computes an encryption of the above random symmetric key using the individual's public key, and (9d) produces a cryptographically verifiable receipt consisting of a machine-signed record consisting of the completed poll item, the above fully processed digest, the above timestamp, and the above assymetric encryption of the symmetric key. (9e) This receipt is delivered to the voter, and the session ends. With this receipt, the individual can prove that he cast a vote on this particular item and how it was cast.
The machine then (10) irreversibly discards its copy of the stage 6c random key and archives a record consisting of the stage 6a completed poll item and the associated stage 6d fully processed digest. The individual (11) archives a copy of the stage 9d receipt.
When voting closes, all stage 10 item-digest pairs, and all stage 8 signed strings, are made anonymously and immediately available to the public at large. For a particular item, the number of counted and published stage 10 item-digest pairs must precisely equal the number of stage 8 signed strings.
An individual can verify that his vote was registered correctly by retrieving the completed poll item which has associated with it a fully processed digest that matches his archived fully processed digest (included in the receipt). The stage 6c symmetric key is recovered by decrypting the stage 9c encryption of it found in the receipt. Using the recovered stage 6c key, the voter ascertains whether the published completed poll item matches. The individual can prove that his vote was fraudulently registered by producing the receipt the voting machine gave him, and showing that the fully processed digest for which he was given a receipt was not published, or that the completed poll item accompanying the fully processed digest does not match the fully processed digest, in which case he must provide the recovered stage 6c key.
Votes cannot be tallied or published until after the voting period has ended, and must be tallied and published within 24 hours of the close of voting.
If within one week following closing of a vote, more than 1% of voters eligible to vote on an item demonstrate fraud in the vote on that item, then the entire vote on that item is repeated. All employees of the state who have authority or responsibility for appointment (including all hiring decisions), regulatory authorship, law enforcement, voting in a legislature, voting at trial, or issuing military orders, must demonstrate thorough knowledge of this document once every year, through performance on a thorough test with a written (or typed) and spoken component. For each branch of the state, and within each unit of state when that unit has that branch, this document describes a president. Each candidate president, except for the presidents of the legislature, must identify and publicize a lieutenant at least one month prior to his appointment. In the event that the president is unable to attend to his duties for any reason, the lieutenant acts in his place. No statute can be constructed, nor continue to stand, which directly contradicts standing and applicable statutes, except that a legislature can repeal and amend laws of its own creation. No one can be held liable for violating a statute if adherence to that statute would preclude adherence to another standing and applicable statute.Standing legislation applies to all people within the scope of that legislature, and constrains legislation made by any legislature with a scope contained by the scope of the legislature which created the legislation. The legislation of a particular legislature does not constrain or apply to legislation created by a legislature whose scope contains and is larger than, or does not overlap with, the scope of the particular legislature. A particular legislature must, therefore, amend or repeal statutes which are rendered inconsistent by the passage of a statute created by a legislature whose scope is larger than and contains the scope of the particular legislature. No instrument of state policy can name, enumerate, be founded upon in whole or in part, explicitly permit or prohibit, honor or disparage, or otherwise refer to any belief or belief system, in whole or in part, which is not founded wholly and exclusively upon the physical laws of nature, the inferred principles of causal logic, and the principles enumerated in this document, principles which draw wholly and exclusively upon the physical laws of nature, the inferred principles of causal logic, and the empirical and inferred nature of the human mind.
All instruments of state policy must be accompanied by a document which justifies the instrument and all portions thereof through enumeration of the principles, as expressed in this document, upon which it is founded, and the unbroken logical progression by which the instrument is drawn from these principles. No instrument of state policy, can be enacted or applied if it is not justified satisfactorily by such causal enumeration of founding principles. No one can be imprisoned under a statute which has been repealed, or amended such that the individual could not be convicted under now-standing law. The option of a new trial must be offered to anyone imprisoned under a statute which has been replaced or subsumed. Time incarcerated for a conviction which could not be achieved under now-standing law must be appropriately compensated, through public exoneration and refund/nullification of all payments paid/liabilities assumed by the falsely convicted party incurred through the cost of imprisonment.
No one can be charged with violating a statute if that statute was not standing at the time the actions comprising the crime took place. An elected, proportionally representative legislature can be associated with each unit of state. Each eligible voter can vote for any one candidate in the election of representatives.
Each legislature is characterized by the number of voters eligible to vote in elections for that legislature (definitionally, the weight of the legislature), and by the minimum proportion of votes necessary for a candidate to become an office holder. The proportion determines the absolute maximum size of the legislature, and is furthermore such that the legislature tends in practice to have the desired size, which in practice is far smaller than what is theoretically possible. The proportion must be at most 5%.
Legislative elections last for two weeks. At the end of the two weeks, the candidates who remain unelected cease to be candidates, and the remaining candidates become legislators.
In parliamentary voting, the vote a representative casts in a particular quorum is given as an integral percentage expressing degree of agreement with the bill at issue. A representative's vote is assigned a weight proportional to the number of voters who voted for him. The unrounded (precise to within one part in one billion) product of the agreement index and the weight of that representative is the definition of a vote-weight.
The national legislature is characterized by a minimum proportion for election of .2%, subject to amendment. The total weight of a legislature is the number of citizens eligible to vote for a representative in that legislature.
A representative can sponsor debate on up to one bill a week but not more. Sponsoring representatives can submit for debate and voting any bill for which they have collected the sponsoring signatures of greater than 10% of the total weight of the legislature (the sum of the representative weight of each signatory, divided by the total weight of the legislature, multiplied by 100%, must exceed 10%). The signatures do not bind the subsequent votes of the signatory representatives, since it is debate that is being sponsored, and amendment is part and parcel of the debate process. Within each series of twenty days of full meetings of the legislature, a representative can consume as he desires, an amount of speaking time before the full legislature equal to his weight (as a fraction) multiplied by the total amount of time of full legislative meeting included in those twenty days, which must be at least 100 hours. Time not consumed thereby is consumed by the president of the house, who can at his discretion put the legislature in recess in lieu of consuming the time. Time is consumed by speaking (often as part of debate) by the controller of the time, or by assigning it (with the possibility of reclaiming remaining time when and as desired) in whole or in part to other legislators or providers of testimony.
A legislature approves a bill, making of it a statute, if the vote-weights cast for less the vote-weights cast against exceed 50% of the total weight of the legislature. The bill must then pass court review, wherein a majority of the judges of the highest court within the scope of the legislature is capable of rejecting the bill by formally explaining how it violates existing law - necessarily including a violation of the requirements of § Consistency of Legislation and § Rationality of Legislation. If it is not vetoed by this court, then after a one week period wherein citizens can view the final bill and vote for or against the bill; if the votes against less the votes for exceeds 25% of the registered voters within the scope of the relevant legislature, the bill is scrubbed by popular veto. If it is not scrubbed by popular veto, the bill then becomes a statute and must be enforced.
A citizen can through any cryptographically accountable logistical means empower legislation of his own creation. There is no limit to the number of bills a citizen can at any particular time be working to pass. If the votes for exceeds 62.5% of voters registered to vote within the scope of the relevant legislature, and the bill passes court review, the bill becomes statute. An identical process can be used to repeal or amend standing statutes.
When a member of a legislature votes to create, empower, or enrich a state position, he cannot himself occupy that position until at least two years following departure from membership in said legislature. The legislator with the greatest vote-weight is the president of the house. The president of the house directs and orchestrates full assemblies of the house, according to law, and where law provides insufficient guidance, according to his wits.
No one in the investigative branch can create, repeal, amend, or evaluate, or participate in the creation, repeal, amendment, or evaluation, of legislation, except in an advisory or testimonial capacity as called upon by the legislative and enforcement branches, and insofar as practical interpretation can be construed to be a form of evaluation.
A member of the investigative branch of a particular unit of state must operate exclusively in the performance of tasks specified generally or specifically by standing statutes enacted by the legislature of the same unit of state, or by direct enactment by the citizenry.
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